LinuxPlay

LinuxPlay

Low‑latency remote desktop for Linux, built from scratch in Rust.

• Transport: WebRTC (str0m) over mutual‑TLS signalling — encrypted, peer‑to‑peer.
• Media: GStreamer. Hardware H.264 / H.265 / AV1 (VA‑API on Intel/AMD, NVENC on Nvidia) with a software fallback; Opus audio.
• UI: GTK4 / libadwaita client.
• Security: self‑signed identities pinned by fingerprint; first pairing authenticated by a PIN (SPAKE2 + key confirmation binding both certificates); every connection approved at the host, with a view‑only option; listens only on the network you choose. See Security.
• Adaptive: picks the codec, bitrate and framerate from the link (LAN vs internet) and both ends' hardware, then follows the measured bandwidth live.
• Multi‑monitor: each display is offered separately and can be streamed at once, with the load re‑balanced across them.

It runs on any desktop — it does not depend on a particular desktop environment or window manager. See Compatibility.

Requirements

A current Rust (1.85+) and GStreamer to build. The host needs only GStreamer; the client also needs GTK4 and libadwaita.

Rust: install it with rustup — curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh — not your distro's cargo, which is often too old to build this (Ubuntu 24.04 ships 1.75). Arch's rolling rust package is fine.

Arch / Manjaro

sudo pacman -S --needed rust base-devel cmake \
    gstreamer gst-plugins-base gst-plugins-good gst-plugins-bad \
    gst-plugin-va gst-libav gst-plugin-pipewire \
    gtk4 libadwaita

Debian / Ubuntu

# Rust from rustup (above); the rest from apt:
sudo apt install build-essential cmake pkg-config \
    libgstreamer1.0-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev \
    libgtk-4-dev libadwaita-1-dev \
    gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad \
    gstreamer1.0-vaapi gstreamer1.0-libav \
    gstreamer1.0-pipewire gstreamer1.0-pulseaudio

Fedora

# Rust from rustup (above); the rest from dnf:
sudo dnf install gcc cmake pkgconf-pkg-config \
    gstreamer1-devel gstreamer1-plugins-base-devel \
    gtk4-devel libadwaita-devel \
    gstreamer1-plugins-good gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free \
    gstreamer1-plugin-pipewire
# gstreamer1-vaapi and gstreamer1-libav come from RPM Fusion.

NixOS

A flake.nix is included: nix build produces the binaries, and nix develop gives a shell with every build dependency.

Nvidia (NVENC/NVDEC): also install the nvcodec GStreamer plugin — Arch gst-plugins-bad includes it; Debian/Ubuntu ship it in gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad; Fedora needs RPM Fusion. Without it, Nvidia machines fall back to software.

Install

./packaging/install.sh

This builds LinuxPlay and installs it for the current user under ~/.local, with an icon and application‑menu entries so you never need the terminal:

• LinuxPlay — connect to another computer.
• LinuxPlay Host — share this computer's screen.

On a machine you only want to share (a host with no GTK4), the installer builds and installs just LinuxPlay Host. Install system‑wide with sudo PREFIX=/usr/local ./packaging/install.sh, and remove with ./packaging/install.sh uninstall.

Usage

1. On the computer to share, launch LinuxPlay Host (or run linuxplay-host).
2. On the other computer, launch LinuxPlay, type the host's address, Connect.
3. The first time, enter the PIN the host shows. After that the client recognises the host by its certificate.
4. Each time someone connects, the host asks View only, Allow control or Deny — in a notification, in the tray menu, or from a terminal. No answer within a minute means no. While one window of a device is approved, its other display windows join without asking again.

Check what a machine can encode with linuxplay-host encoders, and its identity and paired clients with linuxplay-host info.

• Multiple displays: the client asks which display to open; the window's displays button opens the host's others, each in its own window. --displays 0,1 limits which displays the host offers at all.
• Hotkeys in a stream window: Ctrl+Alt+Shift+F fullscreen, +S stats overlay, +Q disconnect.

Managing a running host

linuxplay-host sessions	pairing PINs, connections waiting for approval, who is connected
linuxplay-host approve ID [--view-only] / deny ID	answer a waiting connection
linuxplay-host disconnect ID / disconnect all	end a session / stop sharing
linuxplay-host revoke FINGERPRINT / revoke --all	forget a device; its live sessions end at once

These talk to the running host over a private socket, so they work over SSH too, and they report what the host actually did. The tray menu offers the same.

Unattended access

For a computer nobody sits at, linuxplay-host --unattended lets paired devices connect without the approval prompt (each connection still shows a notification), and lets the Wayland screen‑share grant be remembered. Since no one is there to read a PIN, you can set a pairing password instead:

linuxplay-host set-password     # asks twice, without echo; stored 0600
linuxplay-host --unattended

The password is only used with --unattended, must be at least 12 characters, and is never taken from the command line or the environment.

Network exposure

The host listens only where you say:

--listen	listens on
lan (default)	private addresses of this machine's network interfaces (not VPNs, containers or public addresses)
tailscale	this machine's Tailscale addresses only; refuses to start if Tailscale is down
loopback	this machine only
all	every interface — not recommended

--bind ADDRESS (repeatable) picks exact addresses instead. Signalling uses TCP 47800 (--port); media uses one UDP port per display from 47801–47816 (--media-ports), so a firewall can allow exactly those.

Tailscale

Tailscale gives you a private network between your machines without opening ports. It carries the traffic; it doesn't replace LinuxPlay's own pairing and approval — being on the tailnet doesn't make a device trusted.

1. Install Tailscale on both machines and log in to the same tailnet.
2. On the host: linuxplay-host --listen tailscale.
3. On the client, pick the host under On your tailnet, or type its Tailscale address or MagicDNS name. Pair with the PIN as usual.

To let only your own devices reach it, tag the host (e.g. tag:linuxplay-host) and allow just LinuxPlay's ports in your tailnet policy:

{
  "grants": [
    { "src": ["[email protected]"], "dst": ["tag:linuxplay-host"], "ip": ["tcp:47800", "udp:47801-47816"] }
  ]
}

Grants add access, so remove any broader allow‑all rule if you want this to be the only way in. Don't use Tailscale Funnel for this (it publishes a service to the internet). tailscale ping HOST shows whether the path is direct or relayed; direct is what you want for low latency.

Security

• Identity: each side has a self‑signed certificate; the client pins the host's. A host the client hasn't pinned must complete PIN pairing — the client refuses one that claims to know it without pairing. A changed host certificate is refused, never silently re‑pinned.
• Consent: nothing is shared until the person at the host approves the connection (unless the host runs --unattended). A view‑only session's input is dropped by the host, not just hidden by the client. On Wayland the compositor's share prompt appears again for each new visit.
• Revocation: revoke, Disconnect and Stop sharing end live sessions immediately; the host also notices edits to its trust file within seconds.
• Limits: every handshake stage has a deadline; unauthenticated connections, pairing attempts and wrong PINs are limited per source address (with back‑off), plus a global rate; network, media and input queues are bounded, and input is validated and rate‑limited.
• Secrets: the PIN is shown only on the host's screen (a transient notification, the tray, linuxplay-host sessions, or its terminal) — never in the log. Keys, trust lists and the portal grant are 0600 files in 0700 directories. If the client's list of paired hosts is damaged, it won't connect until you repair it or choose to start over.

Compatibility

	Supported
Display server	X11 (any window manager); Wayland via xdg-desktop-portal
GPU	Intel / AMD (VA‑API), Nvidia (NVENC), or software — chosen automatically
Desktops	any — GNOME, KDE, XFCE, Cinnamon, sway/wlroots, …

Notes:

• X11 hosts capture with ximagesrc and inject input with XTEST — works on every X11 window manager, no prompts.
• Wayland hosts use the ScreenCast + RemoteDesktop portals, so they need xdg-desktop-portal plus a backend for the compositor (xdg-desktop-portal-gnome, -kde, or -wlr). The compositor shows a one‑time share prompt. Input injection needs a backend that implements the RemoteDesktop portal (GNOME and KDE do; wlroots added it more recently).
• Host tray icon uses the StatusNotifierItem standard — visible on KDE, XFCE, and most panels. GNOME hides it unless the AppIndicator extension is installed; the host still runs and posts a desktop notification on start.

Workspace

crate	what it is
proto	wire protocol (signalling + data‑channel messages)
net	WebRTC session, TLS identities, PIN pairing
host	linuxplay-host — shares a desktop (X11 or Wayland portal)
client	linuxplay — the GTK4 app

Licensed GPL‑3.0‑or‑later.