age

This candidate is for development testing and community review, pending Apache AGE PMC approval.

Performance and memory improvements

• Added PostgreSQL composite vertex and edge types so queries can access IDs and properties without constructing and decoding complete agtype entities. Returning these composite types also avoids the final conversion to agtype.
• Reduced entity access and comparison overhead through fixed field positions, direct binary graph-ID comparisons, and reusable comparison memory, benefiting sorting, joins, and aggregation.
• Improved variable-length traversal with flat adjacency arrays, array-based traversal stacks, compact hash tables, and batched edge lookups.
• Reduced graph-cache memory usage by storing tuple locations and fetching properties when needed. Traversals that only filter by label avoid fetching properties.
• Exposed variable-length traversal endpoints as graphid columns, allowing ordinary equality joins instead of repeatedly decoding paths to match their endpoints.
• Added per-graph version counters so unrelated database activity does not invalidate cached graphs. On PostgreSQL 15, this requires shared_preload_libraries = 'age'; otherwise, snapshot-based invalidation remains in use.
• Added automatic vertex-ID and edge-endpoint indexes, with indexed lookups for entity existence checks, updates, and deletes. The upgrade also creates the required indexes for existing labels.
• Reduced planning overhead for containment and key-existence predicates by replacing expensive statistics evaluation with fixed selectivity estimates, trading estimation precision for lower planning cost.
• Improved CSV loading through PostgreSQL’s COPY parser, batched heap inserts, row and byte limits for flushing batches, and memory reuse between batches.
• Added specialized edge-uniqueness checks for fixed-length paths containing two, three, or four relationships, reducing overhead for common short patterns.

Cypher and graph features

• Adds MERGE with ON CREATE SET and ON MATCH SET.
• Adds reduce() list folding, including references to enclosing query values, and the predicate functions all(), any(), none(), and single().

PostgreSQL and driver integration

• Adds row-level security enforcement and improves permission checks for graph reads and writes.
• Supports loading AGE through shared_preload_libraries and adds helpers for preparing and completing PostgreSQL major-version upgrades.
• Adds Python APIs for configuring existing or pooled psycopg connections and converting graph models to ordinary Python dictionaries.
• Includes Python, Node.js, JDBC, and Go driver fixes and dependency updates.

Correctness and stability

• Fixes visibility of changes across CREATE, MATCH, and chained MERGE operations.
• Corrects OPTIONAL MATCH, NULL propagation, zero-hop traversal, and read-only replica behavior.
• Fixes crashes involving generated or additional label columns, malformed CSV input, prepared statements, and value conversions.
• Addresses memory leaks, invalid memory accesses, and driver input-validation issues.

Full Changelog: https://github.com/apache/age/compare/PG15/v1.6.0-rc0...PG15/v1.8.0-rc0

Release Notes for Apache AGE release 1.7.0 for PG17 branch

WARNING!

Please note the upgrade script (age--1.6.0--1.7.0.sql) may take a while to complete for large graphs, due to creation of indexes for existing labels.

WARNING!

Apache AGE 1.7.0 - Release Notes

Fix upgrade script for 1.6.0 to 1.7.0 (#2320) Add RLS support and fix permission checks (#2309) Replace libcsv with pg COPY for csv loading (#2310) Fix Issue 1884: Ambiguous column reference (#2306) Upgrade Jest to v29 for node: protocol compatibility (#2307) Optimize vertex/edge field access with direct array indexing (#2302) feat: Add 32-bit platform support for graphid type (#2286) Fix and improve index.sql addendum (#2301) Fix and improve index.sql regression test coverage (#2300) Fix Issue 2289: handle empty list in IN expression (#2294) Revise README for Python driver updates (#2298) Makefile: fix race condition on cypher_gram_def.h (#2273) Restrict age_load commands (#2274) Migrate python driver configuration to pyproject.toml (#2272) Convert string to raw string to remove invalid escape sequence warning (#2267) Update grammar file for maintainability (#2270) Fix ORDER BY alias resolution with AS in Cypher queries (#2269) Fix possible memory and file descriptors leaks (#2258) Adjust 'could not find rte for' ERROR message (#2266) Fix Issue 2256: segmentation fault when calling coalesce function (#2259) Add index on id columns (#2117) Fix issue 2245 - Creating more than 41 vlabels causes crash in drop_graph (#2248) Fix issue 2243 - Regression in string concatenation (#2244) Add fast functions for checking edge uniqueness (#2227) Bump gopkg.in/yaml.v3 from 3.0.0 to 3.0.1 in /drivers/golang (#2212) Fix issue with CALL/YIELD for user defined and qualified functions. (#2217)

Release Notes for Apache AGE release 1.7.0 for PG18 branch

Apache AGE 1.7.0 - Release Notes

NOTE: There isn't an upgrade path for PostgreSQL PG18 1.7.0 as there isn't a prior version.

Advance PG18 branch to Apache AGE version 1.7.0 Add RLS support and fix permission checks (#2309) Replace libcsv with pg COPY for csv loading (#2310) Fix Issue 1884: Ambiguous column reference (#2306) Upgrade Jest to v29 for node: protocol compatibility (#2307) Optimize vertex/edge field access with direct array indexing (#2302) feat: Add 32-bit platform support for graphid type (#2286) Fix and improve index.sql addendum (#2301) Fix and improve index.sql regression test coverage (#2300) Fix Issue 2289: handle empty list in IN expression (#2294) Revise README for Python driver updates (#2298) Makefile: fix race condition on cypher_gram_def.h (#2273) Restrict age_load commands (#2274) Migrate python driver configuration to pyproject.toml (#2272) Convert string to raw string to remove invalid escape sequence warning (#2267) Update grammar file for maintainability (#2270) Fix ORDER BY alias resolution with AS in Cypher queries (#2269) Fix possible memory and file descriptors leaks (#2258) Adjust 'could not find rte for' ERROR message (#2266) Fix Issue 2256: segmentation fault when calling coalesce function (#2259) Add index on id columns (#2117) Fix issue 2245 - Creating more than 41 vlabels causes crash in drop_graph (#2248) Fix DockerHub build warning messages (#2252) Update CI for BaseDockerizedTest (#2254) PG18 port for AGE (#2251) Updated CI, Labeler, Docker, and branch security files for PG18 (#2246) Fix issue 2243 - Regression in string concatenation (#2244) Add fast functions for checking edge uniqueness (#2227) Bump gopkg.in/yaml.v3 from 3.0.0 to 3.0.1 in /drivers/golang (#2212) Update branch security (#2219) Fix issue with CALL/YIELD for user defined and qualified functions. (#2217)

Release Notes for Apache AGE release 1.6.0 for PostgreSQL version 15

WARNING!

Since there are modifications to agtype gin operators, users who are upgrading will need to drop the gin indexes before running the upgrade script and recreate them afterwards.

As always, please backup your database prior to any upgrade.

WARNING!

Apache AGE 1.6.0 - Release Notes

 Fix issue 2205: left doesn't catch overflow (#2207)
 Fix issue 2201: unexpected empty string behavior (#2203)
 Add support for operators in cypher query (#2172)
 Reimplement list comprehension (#2169)
 Update labeler.yml (#2186)
 Fix issue with the CI build and labeler (#2183)
 Fix CSV import for edge with one property (#2175)
 Remove stale bot and update .asf.yaml settings (#2171)
 Prevent object access hook from accesing not installed namespace (#2161)
 Fix CI build errors caused by missing dependencies (#2163)
 Add support for external extensions (#2088)
 Fix issue 2093: pfree() called with a NULL pointer (#2095)
 Fix issue 1955 - List comprehension in WHERE clause (#2094)
 Add support for fuzzystrmatch and other external extensions (#2083)
 Fix memory leaks in functions part 1 (#2066)
 Issue 1996 - Add agtype to json typecast (#2075)
 Fix issue 2046: Memory leak during btree(agtype) (#2060)
 Refactor Dockerfile to use multi-stage builds (#2004)
 Revamp age csv loader (#2044)
 Fix issue 2020: Memory leak (#2028)
 Fix Issue 1907: SET on MERGE not storing edge properties (#2019)
 Add EmitWarningsOnPlaceholders("age") (#1997)
 Fix Issue 1988: How to update a property which is a keyword (#2005)
 Fix obsolete docker-compose command in CIs (#2007)
 Fix issue 1986: Failure creating label name close to MAX_LABEL_NAME_LEN (#1989)
 Fix issue 1953 - PG Boolean used as AGTYPE object (#1959)
 Add graph_exists function (#1958)
 Fix issue 1956 - null key name passed. (#1957)
 docs: add link to .NET open-source driver (#1938)
 Add the `load_from_plugins` parameter in the Python driver to load AGE from the $libdir/plugins directory (#1935)
 Fix issue 1910: Server crashes when using exists(vle path) (#1924)
 Converted single line comments to multiline (#1908)
 Add function is_valid_label_name (#1911) (#1912)
 Fixes small typos in the python driver's README.md file (#1909)
 Fix agtype_build_map to allow more than 50 pairs (#1901)
 Agtype hash cmp (#1893)
 Order some regression tests for stability on big-endian (#1892)
 Update github stale action (#1891)
 Make CALL YIELD grammar more precise (#1852)
 Fix issue 1878 - Regression test failure with delete global graphs (#1881)
 Corrected typos and grammatical errors in apache-age-basic.ipynb (#879)
 Add workflow for stale issues and PRs (#1872)
 Implement Returnless Unions in Subqueries (#1803)
 [CI] Update docker image tags (#1865)
 Add branch protection rules in .asf.yaml (#1854)
 [CI] Update labeler github action (#1851)
 Fix error using list comprehension with WITH * (#1838)
 python driver psycopg3 (#1793)
 Minor VLE and agtype_eq/ne performance updates (#1808)
 Fix issue 1767: CREATE TABLE AS SELECT * FROM cypher, errors (#1799)
 Implement Constraints on Subqueries (#1751)
 Fix connection string in Python Driver (#1757)
 Added integer conversion in toBoolean functions (#1199)
 Update README.md (#1756)
 Add the command graph_stats and improve VLE messaging for load (#1750)
 Add helpful messages to the VLE subsystem (#1742)
 Update README.md (#1728)
 Added Networkx Support in python driver (#1716)
 Remove duplicate check (#1740)
 Fix Issue 1709 - MERGE creates incomplete vertices after the first one (#1721)
 Fix shift/reduce conflict in grammar (#1719)
 Fix Issue 1691 - MERGE incorrectly creates multiple vertices